"Because the material we used for wing-surface measurements is flexible, it's ideally suited to fit over the curved surface of a maternal abdomen for fetal testing," said Allan Zuckerwar of Langley's Advanced Measurement and Diagnostics Branch.
Older models of fetal heart-monitoring devices have operated well for years, but are extremely expensive and can only be used in a clinic or doctor's office. This led to a request by Dr. Donald Baker, a physician whose practice includes remote areas where appropriate health care is difficult to obtain. When expectant mothers do not receive proper prenatal care during pregnancy, the result is often increased fetal mortality.
The new devices are fairly simple to use. An at-home patient would place the saucer-shaped monitor on her belly. Tuning a computerized control device would allow her to hear the fetal heartbeat. Then, the patient or another person would tune for the strongest signal, which could then be transmittied over the telephone line directly to a doctor's office or the hospital.
Baby Beats Inc., Dr. Baker's newly formed company, plans to begin manufacturing and marketing the monitor in the next several months. Pregnancy patients of Glendale Adventist Hospital in Los Angeles will use the monitor first.
Baker’s concern for tiny hearts began more than 25 years ago when the need for a portable heart rate monitor first occurred to him during obstetrics rounds in medical school. He watched as an unborn baby's heart rate, monitored by a fetal heart monitor strapped to the mother's belly, suddenly became dangerously irregular. A nurse hurried over and turned the pregnant woman on her side. The baby was inadvertently sitting on its own umbilical cord, choking itself, the nurse explained.
"I was just shocked, absolutely shocked," said Baker. "I knew we needed to create a way for mothers to take the monitor home with them."
Today, Baker envisions mothers with a high-risk pregnancy and those who have trouble traveling to a doctor's office as the primary users of the monitor. His commitment to the need heightened after working as a family doctor in the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana early in his career. Baker, a member of the Minnesota Chippewa, said pregnant mothers living in remote areas might be hours from a doctor's office and may not have the financial resources to get there. But inner city mothers who have difficulty making it to a clinic could use it too, he says. In fact, most women with a high-risk pregnancy could benefit from the monitor.
"Whether they are rich or poor, mothers love their babies," the Spokane physician said. "They want to take care of their baby but, when they are hours away from health care, it's very hard. This helps dignify health care and puts control in the parents' hands."
Baker secured a license from NASA, which shares space-age technology with the business world, to develop an affordable, practical way to manufacture the monitor. And, Baker said, it is as easy to use as tuning a radio. It would be of great benefit during high risk pregnancy.