Space Transportation Systems
Work is required to develop and operate systems as well as provide propulsion for the Crew Exploration Vehicle beyond Earth orbit to the destination vicinity. To accomplish this work, systems are needed for Earth orbit departure and lunar/Mars orbit insertion. This element also includes all engineering, design, development, production, assembly, and test efforts to deliver the completed and qualified hardware.
Human Support Systems
Human Support Systems (HSS) include systems and equipment that permit and facilitate crew operations in environments otherwise unsuitable for human activities. Examples of HSS include extravehicular activity (EVA) suits and backpacks, maneuvering units, robot assistants, and special tools. HSS does not include equipment integrated into the CEV or other modules that permit servicing or recharging of the HSS. Each HSS may be developed as a single-end item or multiple modules that constitute an end item. Typically, a system might include subsystems such as power, communications, and environmental control to permit the crew to operate autonomously from the primary vehicle. HSS also includes all design, development, production, assembly, and test efforts to deliver the completed and qualified system.
In-Space Systems
In-Space Systems (InSS) includes spacecraft supporting both human and robotic exploration of the moon, Mars, and other solar system bodies. This element can include logistics modules carrying fuel and supplies; spacecraft positioned to support communication, navigation, and/or reconnaissance requirements; and rendezvous/docking and robotic vehicles to support assembly in space. InSS will typically be free-flying spacecraft and include the subsystems to provide communications, command, control, power, thermal control, and propulsion for orbit maintenance, maneuvering, and docking. They will also include all modifications/additions to the unique ground-based communications assets (such as the Deep Space Network) to provide communications and navigation functions for human and robotic exploration. This element also includes all engineering, design, development, production, assembly, and test efforts to deliver the completed and qualified InSS, as well as the necessary unique support equipment to test, process, certify, transport, and operate the InSS.
