Scientific Method:
- Observe something in the universe.
- Devise an explanation (hypothesis) for the phenomena.
- Use the theory to predict other phenomena or more occurrences of the first instance.
- Perform experiments to test the predictions.
Observation: This includes personal experience, information from knowledgeable sources, research, and exploratory experimentation. From this research, you choose a topic. Once you’ve selected a topic, begin your research. This will help you define your question and provide background material to assist in forming your hypothesis.
Hypothesis: Now, you must develop a theory to explain your observations. This hypothesis should allow you to predict the development of your observed phenomena or other related phenomena.
Design Experiment: There are often many ways to test a hypothesis. During this phase you need to decide which method you plan to use to test your hypothesis. Remember, you can only disprove a theory; it is impossible to prove it. It should be noted that experimentation does not have to be a physical act. There are some cases where the only way to test a theory is by observation.
Perform Experiments: Now you are into the meat of the procedure. Once you’ve decided which experiments you plan to conduct to test your hypothesis, perform them. Now, are your results consistent with your hypothesis? If so, record them. Are there other experiments you can perform to strengthen your case? If your results are not consistent with your hypothesis, it is time to return to step 2 and develop a new hypothesis.